Comparison Essay on Fall of the Roman Empire

Near Essay †Step By STEP 1 †Diagnosis †¢ Read the Question and stall down in for what it is asking †¢ In the Margin, decide the entirety of the data that you think about it o Start from wide to explicit (timespan, area, ideas, occasions, and so forth . . ) STEP 2 †Organization and Planning †¢ Find three subjects that you can gather into passages †¢ Plan out your article into a concise skeleton that you can draw upon as you compose STEP 3 †Creation †¢ Write your paper following the point structure underneath and focusing on the models. POINT 1 †Thesis If you don’t have one you can’t gain this point or point #3 for supporting your postulation o Consider the proposition to be the substance of the paper, it is your exposition in a couple of sentences o Introduce each passage with a subject sentence connected to the theory o The proposition MUST address Similarities AND Differences in either the acquaintance or the end with g et full credit †¢ The proposition must be considered the proposal and not additionally as an immediate correlation †¢ You don’t need to compose a presentation, so don’t. Leave clear space to return and think of one in the event that you have extra time.POINT 4 †Direct Comparisons †¢ first Sentence for each body passage should be a relative (an immediate examination sentence) o Remember you should make Direct Comparisons, (one type to it's logical counterpart) so make it extremely obvious to the peruser your contrasting in your sentence ? Utilize connecting relative words, for example, â€Å"whereas† to help set up direct examinations ? For Example: â€Å"Both the Haitian and Russian unrests drew impressive quality from the enslavement of the under classes into abusive conditions, slaves and serfs repectiveley. POINT 5 †Analysis for Direct Comparisons †¢ second sentence at that point clarifies/breaks down the immediate correlation i n the primary sentence. ? For Example: â€Å"The Haitian Slaves were worked in the requesting sugar advertise in an outside landmass without a segment portrayal that took into account stable familial ties that had been a solid piece of their way of life, without the far reaching stipends to have families the decision was clear, â€Å"rebel now and possibly kick the bucket, or be attempted to death slowly†.While Russian Serfs were permitted barely any a larger number of rights than a slave, they were bound to the land the worked for their world class Boyar ‘Little-Princes’ while the impacts of the edification and advancement of Western Europe had since a long time ago liberated their equivalents toward the west. As the wars of their absolutist Czars carried Russians into contact with western thoughts it was inevitable that the lower classes would request a change. In this way the systems overwhelming these two classes made a ‘powder keg’ in their a l ot bigger in populace under classes. POINT 3 †Historical Evidence Then ensuing sentences in the passage ought to give at any rate 2 earlier information proclamations/proof in each section. o You will do this for every one of the body passages in the paper so in any event six will be composed o This substance ought to be from your coursework and can POINT 2 †Addresses all pieces of the inquiry †¢ Must address likenesses AND contrasts for an entire 2 focuses †¢ Address Comparisons, Chronology, Causation, Connections, Themes, Interactions, and Content EXTENDED CORE †¢ You have just kept in touch with yourself into the all-inclusive center on the off chance that you have followed the bit by bit!!! In the event that in the similar inquiry there is an incidental qualifier, for example, (political, financial, social), it isn't necessitated that proof is given for each. This incidental qualifier assists understudies with contemplating what to compose. AP World Histo ry Comparative Essay Generic Rubric Overview |Basic Core |Expanded Core | |Historical abilities and information required to show capability. |Historical aptitudes and information required to show greatness. |1. Has worthy proposition. 1 Point |Expands past essential center of | |(addresses correlation of the |1-7 Points. The fundamental center of a 0-2 Points | |issues or subjects indicated) |score of 7 must be accomplished | |before an understudy can gain extended | |2. Addresses all pieces of the 2 Points |core focuses. |of the inquiry, however not | |necessarily equitably or completely. |Examples: | |Has an unmistakable, scientific, and exhaustive proposal | |(Addresses most pieces of the (1) |Addresses all pieces of the inquiry (as significant): examinations, | |question: for instance, manages |chronology, causation, associations, subjects, collaborations, content. |differences however not likenesses) |Provides sufficient authentic proof to prove proposition. | |Relates correlat ions with bigger worldwide setting. | |3. Proves theory with 2 Points |Makes a few direct examinations reliably between or among | |appropriate proof. |societies. | |Consistently breaks down the circumstances and end results of important | |(Partially proves postulation with (1) |similarities and contrasts. |appropriate proof. ) | |4. Makes at any rate three pertinent, 1 Point | |direct examinations between or | |among social orders. | |5. Breaks down at any rate three reasons 1 Point | |for a closeness or contrast | |identified in an immediate correlation. | |Subtotal 7 |Subtotal 2 Points | |Points | TOTAL 9 Points

The Open Boat :: essays research papers

The Open Boat is an especially intriguing story on account of the extraordinary detail that creator broadens and in light of the lone impressions of the characters in light of their death. The story has incredibly clear portrayal. This meticulousness manages the peruser the best level of understanding joy. Crane paints such heavenly pictures in peruser's psyche with his expressiveness. "The morning showed up at long last, in its wonder, with a sky of unadulterated blue, and the daylight blazed on the tips of waves"(387). Creative sentences of such bore are not frequently found. The peruser is left with a staggering vision of the dangerous ocean keeping up its excellence among the viciousness of the breeze. "Their spines had gotten altogether used to adjusting in the pontoon and they currently rode this wild foal of a dinghy like bazaar men"(378). Here, once more, Crane utilizes mind blowing point of interest to catch the substance of the riotous circumstance. Another ascribe to the story is the knowledge which the third individual storyteller offers to the peruser with respect to the mariners' perspective. Especially fascinating, is the reference to the sonnet "Bingen on the Rhine". Until the reporter must examine his own passing on the cold and forlorn oceans, he doesn't understand the awfulness of an officer of the army biting the dust in Algiers. Additionally, not exclusively did he not understand the noteworthiness, he says that, "it was less to him than the breaking of a pencil's point"(385). Once more, towards the finish of the story, the storyteller depicts the sharpness the journalist feels towards nature when he understands that after the entirety of his endeavors he may not live to value his being. Perceptions, for example, these are not experienced every now and again until went up against with death and the transport of these musings is smart and important to the peruser. The main depreciative factor in the story is the length.

Its the 4th Quarter on Your New Years Resolutions Will You Win Your Game

Its the 4th Quarter on Your New Years Resolutions â€" Will You Win Your Game We’re coming into the 4th Quarter of 2016, and we all know games CAN be won in the 4th quarter! I’m reviewing  the goals I set up to reach in Januaryâ€"my New Year’s “Ressaylutions”â€"and assessing  how I can win my game! Here are my promises from January and how I’m measuring up: 1. Infuse my WHY statement throughout The Essay Expert’s website. I’m thinking of this as my team huddle. The statement that motivates me, my writing team, and our clients. I’ve put my WHY statement on my new homepage, www.theessayexpert.com, on our new Why The Essay Expert page, and on my company Facebook page.  It reads: At The Essay Expert, we don’t go to bed until we know we’ve captured your essence on paper. That’s what gets each one of us up in the morning, because that’s what will excite the right company or school about you. Not the person next to you. Not a list of bullet points. You. I added more “why” focused descriptions to my Executive Resume LinkedIn Success Package, Mid-Level Resume LinkedIn Success Package, and Entry-Level Resume LinkedIn Success Package pages too. Here’s an example: Our professional resume and LinkedIn profile writers will make sure you stand out from the competition, highlighting your strengths and accomplishments so you don’t sound like everyone else. I’ll continue to look for ways to infuse every communication with my WHY. Go team! 2. Provide better information on services on my site.? I’ve made a lot of progress here and took the opportunity of a new website to put better descriptions of my services on the pages. I just added this information to my new “a la carte” pages. I’d say I got my first down on this one! 3. Serve 250 clients. Alternate play! The Essay Expert has been catering to more of an executive audience, including those seeking Board positions. To serve this market, we’ve on-boarded a few amazing new writers with great talent in executive resume writing. We’ve refocused instead of expanded. 4. Publish 2 new editions of How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile.? Touchdown! I released the 13th edition and am almost ready with the 14th. Right on schedule. 5. Get How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile in front of colleges and universities. This one might be in the realm of managing the hot dog vendors ;-). To increase book distribution, I made a lot of cold calls to college bookstores, many of whom agreed to carry my book. I also submitted How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile for consideration by Barnes Noble. And I received an inquiry from Skyhorse Publishing, who may be interested in publishing a trade version of my book if it’s not accepted by Barnes Noble. So I’ve made a bit of progress! Is there a library, college bookstore, or career center in your area that you would like to carry my book? Please go into your local establishment and request the book if you want it! 6. Increase college essay / personal statement portion of my business to 25% of business.? Time out. Instead of focusing here, I’ve put efforts into building my executive resume writing business. For now this one is on hold. 7. Find an editor to do some of the editing of resumes and LinkedIn profiles that I’m currently doing. Seeking an assistant coach! I interviewed some potential editors and so far haven’t found the right match. I am also seeking someone to help with sales calls and client inquiries. If you know someone you think would be a great resume editor or sales person, please send them my way! EXTRA POINTS: One big project I undertook was redesigning my website â€" again. This was not on my list, but it was a huge accomplishment which is still underway. The site was launched and we’re working out the kinks. I’m calling this my “extra points” â€" although it has come with some unexpected new challenges and items which will likely show up on my goals for next year. It looks like I have my work cut out for me for the fall in order to win in this 4th quarter. How about you? I encourage you to look at your 2016 resolutions to see where you might want to recommit. Please share â€" putting your promise and progress out to someone else creates accountability and makes it more likely that you will win your game!

Womens Strike for Equality on August 26, 1970

The Women’s Strike for Equality was a nationwide demonstration for women’s rights held on August 26, 1970, the 50th anniversary of women’s suffrage. It was described by Time magazine as â€Å"the first big demonstration of the Women’s Liberation movement.†Ã‚  The leadership called the object of the rallies the unfinished business of equality. Organized by NOW The Women’s Strike for Equality was organized by the National Organization for Women (NOW) and its then-president Betty Friedan. At a NOW conference in March 1970, Betty Friedan called for the Strike for Equality, asking women to stop working for a day to draw attention to the prevalent problem of unequal pay for women’s work. She then headed the National Women’s Strike Coalition to organize the protest, which used â€Å"Don’t Iron While the Strike is Hot!† among other slogans. Fifty years after women were granted the right to vote in the United States, feminists were again taking a political message to their government and demanding equality and more political power. The Equal Rights Amendment was being discussed in Congress, and the protesting women warned politicians to pay attention or risk losing their seats in the next election. Nationwide Demonstrations The Women’s Strike for Equality took various forms in more than ninety cities across the United States.  Here are a few examples: New York, home to radical feminist groups such as New York Radical Women and Redstockings, had the largest protest. Tens of thousands marched down Fifth Avenue; others demonstrated at the Statue of Liberty and stopped the stock ticker on Wall Street.  New York City issued a proclamation declaring Equality Day.Los Angeles had a smaller protest, numbering in the hundreds, including women who stood holding a vigil for women’s rights.In Washington D.C., women marched on Connecticut Avenue with a banner that read â€Å"We Demand Equality† and lobbied for the Equal Rights Amendment.  Petitions with more than 1,500 names were presented to the Senate majority leader and minority floor leader.Detroit women who worked at the Detroit Free Press kicked men out of one of their restrooms, protesting the fact that men had two bathrooms while women had one.Women who worked for a New Orleans newspaper ran pictures of the grooms instead of the brides in engagement announcements.Inter national Solidarity: French women marched in Paris, and Dutch women marched at the U.S. embassy in Amsterdam. Nationwide Attention Some people called the demonstrators anti-feminine or even Communist. The Womens Strike for Equality made the front page of national newspapers such as The New York Times, Los Angeles Times, and Chicago Tribune. It was also covered by the three broadcast networks, ABC, CBS, and NBC, which was the pinnacle of extensive television news coverage in 1970.   The Women’s Strike for Equality is often remembered as the first major protest of the Women’s Liberation movement, even though there had been other protests by feminists, some of which also received media attention. The Women’s Strike for Equality was the largest protest for women’s rights at that time. Legacy The next year, Congress passed a resolution declaring August 26  Women’s Equality Day.  Bella Abzug  was inspired by the Womens Strike for Equality to introduce the bill promoting the holiday. Signs of the Times Some articles from the  New York Times  from the time of the demonstrations illustrate some of the context of the Womens Strike for Equality. The  New York Times  featured an article a few days before the August 26 rallies and anniversary titled Liberation Yesterday: The Roots of the Feminist Movement.  Under a photograph of suffragettes [sic] marching down Fifth Avenue, the paper also asked the question: Fifty years ago,  they won the vote. Did they throw victory away?  The article pointed to both the earlier and the then-current feminist movements as rooted in work for civil rights, peace, and radical politics, and noted that the womens movement both times was rooted in recognizing that both black people and women were treated as second-class citizens. Press Coverage In an article on the day of the march, the  Times  noted that Traditional Groups Prefer to Ignore Womens Lib.  The problem for such groups as the Daughters of the American Revolution, the Womens Christian Temperance Union, the League of Women Voters, The Junior League and the Young Womens Christian Association is what attitude to take toward the militant womens liberation movement.   The article included quotes about ridiculous exhibitionists and a band of wild lesbians. The article quoted Mrs. Saul Schary [sic] of the National Council of Women: Theres no discrimination against women like they say there is. Women themselves are just self-limiting. Its in their nature and they shouldnt blame it on society or men. In the kind of paternalistic belittling of the feminist movement and women that feminism criticized, a headline the next day in the  New York Times  noted that Betty Friedan was 20 minutes late for her appearance at the Womens Strike for Equality: Leading Feminist Puts Hairdo Before Strike.  the article also noted what she wore and where shed purchased it, and that he had her hair done at the Vidal Sassoon Salon on Madison Avenue.   She was quoted saying I dont want people to think Womens Lib girls dont care about how they look. We should try to be as pretty as we can. Its good for our self-image and its good politics.  The article noted that The vast majority of women interviewed strongly endorsed the traditional concept of woman as a mother and a homemaker who can, and sometimes even should, supplement these activities with a career or with volunteer work. In yet another article, the  New York Times  asked two women partners in Wall Street firms what they thought of picketing, denouncing men and bra-burning?  Muriel F. Siebert, chairman [sic] of Muriel F. Siebert Co., replied: I like men and I like brassieres. She was also quoted saying Theres no reason to go to college, get married and then stop thinking. People should be able to do what theyre capable of doing and theres no reason why a woman doing the same job as a man should be paid less. This article has been edited by and considerable additional material added by Jone Johnson Lewis.

Fraud Management An Architectural Insight - 1144 Words

Fraud Management - An Architectural Insight Introduction Fraud is like Love. Many believe they are immune to it. Yet they make themselves available, to fall into. Successful fraud gives a new high for the fraudsters and sleepless nights for the organizations running after securing the wealth. This rush to secure the Holy Grail from reaching the fraudsters also causes a high for a broader section of the ethical technical audience who strive to ring fence their organizations. It is quite a feat to think through the various loop holes to ensure that no repeatable fraudulent pattern is left un-scrutinized. An attempt has been made in this article to address available technologies to fend off Fraudsters, and the architectural insight needed†¦show more content†¦The outcome of improper fraud detection or a false positive would result in Poor User Experience, Customer Dissatisfaction and Lack of Focus eventually resulting in impact to bottom line. Lifecycle of Fraud Detection Effective Fraud and risk management in any retail organization has various facets to it depending on the entities needs and market place demands. Predominantly it can be categorized in to following phases2 Assess Risk Assess the risk associated with the identified fraud. Associate the risk with a dollar value – to estimate the loss it causes to the organization. Identify the scope of analysis depending on the organizations’ risk appetite, profile the current state of fraud management and well define the requirement that needs to be addressed. Design Design the controls that prevent the detected fraud and reduce the analyzed risk. The design should not only react to the ongoing fraud, but also proactively detect any further anomalies with similar pattern across channels. Implement Deploy and Implement the design across the channels and assign a single unit responsible for fraud and risk management across the organization. This unit should be responsible for both proactive and reactive fraud prevention and risk analysis. Associating a single unit, lets the unit champion the fraud rule management and helps preserve the confidentiality associated with the execution of the rules, thereby preventing insider fraud. Simulate Simulate the rule

Why Did Korea Fall Victim To Japanese Imperialism History Essay Free Essays

string(399) " similarities that both states are in place of a group of islands situated near to a Continental land-mass, implying a similar involvement in the balance of power, and the evident success of the British method of back uping a turning population by intensive industrialisation and abroad trade, convinced Japan that emulating the Britain theoretical account would function her ain best involvements\." This essay tries to lucubrate the causes which contributed to the autumn of Korea to Nipponese imperialism by foremost analyzing the development of Nipponese imperialism, and so looking into the competitions between Japan and its two major competitions, viz. China and Russia in their control over Korea. In 1853, Japan was forced to open itself to the outside universe by the United States. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Did Korea Fall Victim To Japanese Imperialism History Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was so pressured by the imperialist powers to subscribe unequal pacts which granted aliens in Japan extraterritoriality and which imposed on Japan low duty rates. Reduced to the semi-colonial position, Japan all of a sudden realized that the universe was non a safe topographic point. In order to forestall being farther subjugated by the Western powers, the leaders of the Meiji authorities which was formed in 1868 after the ruin of the Tokugawa Shogunate, formulated a chauvinistic policy of fukoku kyA?hei ( rich state, strong military ) , qualifying Japan ‘s ends to catch up with the Western powers economically and to increase its military strength to guarantee its position as an independent state. The preparation of the policy initiated the development of Nipponese imperialism. Development of Nipponese Imperialism There were several grounds for the development of Nipponese imperialism. First was the concern for its security and safety. Japan ‘s demand for security intensified as authorities leaders recognized the demand to beef up the defence of Japan against Russia and other Western powers. Bing cognizant of the advanced technological accomplishments and military high quality of the West, Japan had frights of invasion from Western states such as Russia. Furthermore, China was militarily and economically weak to the extent that Japan was concerned that China would fall in under the subjugation of the Western powers, which would hold profound negative impact on the security of Japan. Yamagata Aritomo, male parent of the modern Nipponese ground forces, who advocated demand of enlargement more out of security ground than of conquest ground, recommended that Japan non merely protect its ain sovereignty but besides its line of involvement, which meant that Japan should non merely guarantee th e security in the fatherland, but besides need to widen its influence and control to the continent in order to guarantee its security. Control over Korea was hence a important component in protecting Japan against Western states because of the two states ‘ geographical proximity and Korea being surrounding with both China and Russia. That the Korea peninsular as a â€Å" sticker pointed at Japan † should non fall in hostile custodies was a chief end of Nipponese foreign policy. The 2nd ground that Japan embarked on imperialism was the aspiration from the Western powers. Japan had been detecting and larning from the Western powers ‘ intense competitions and imperialistic acquisitions. From its acrimonious experience, Japan learned that imperialism would assist work more resources which could ease a state to develop faster. Fukuzawa Yukichi and other authors supported foreign expansionism. Japan subsequently applied what she learned from the Western powers to Korea in precisely the format that she was treated by the Western powers. The 3rd ground that gave rise to Nipponese imperialism was Japan ‘s belief in its function of leading for Asia states. Many Nipponese leaders came to the belief that Japan had a â€Å" manifest fate † to liberate the Asiatic states from Western imperialistic powers and to take them to collective strength and prosperity. Some ultranationalist groups such as the Black Dragon Society, every bit good as some influential authors, became progressively popular. These groups and authors hold the positions that Japan should take the function of leading in Asia to throw out foreign powers. They believed that the Yamato race as posterities of the Sun goddess entitled the Japanese to such a function. In 1905, Japan ‘s triumph over Russia in the Russo-Japanese war made Japan the first Asiatic state to get the better of a Western power. This position farther bolstered Japan ‘s belief in its function to take Asia and tried to convert other Asiatic states that merely under t he Nipponese leading would they stand a opportunity to throw out Western imperialism. From the beginning of the Meiji Period in 1868, Japan sought to do the state an industrial and military power similar to that of the Western imperialist powers. The Meiji leaders ‘ desire to turn Japan into a ace state ( itto koku ) besides included the power and prestigiousness derived from foreign territorial ownerships. Therefore, it was inevitable that Japan would fall in the nine of the powers in demands for privileges and rights in other Asiatic states. However, the Meiji authorities realized that its military needed to be modernized and strengthened before it presented its demands to the Western powers. Although the Meiji oligarchs were restraint in the outward looks of imperialism in the early old ages of the Meiji period, this did non connote that they disagreed with the aims of foreign enlargement. They considered it necessary that focal point should be on modernisation and economic growing to catch up with Western industrial powers prior to taking any important stair ss to spread out Japan ‘s influence in foreign affairs. To catch up with the Western powers and shorten the procedure in the development of imperialism, Japan had to emulate the bing theoretical accounts from the Western powers. Japan had been rolling the way of its imperialism enlargement. In fact, the pick proved to be excessively much, and Japan tried to play for safety by aping both of the two major powers, Britain and Germany, and waiting to see in which way the battle would finally travel. Though it appeared to be prudent, the policy was dearly-won, for the creative activity of both a big ground forces and a big naval forces imposed an inordinate load on a less developed state like Japan. Therefore, Britain, the paramount Power of the twenty-four hours, seemed to be the obvious and surely the most popular paradigm. The similarities that both states are in place of a group of islands situated near to a Continental land-mass, implying a similar involvement in the balance of power, and the evident success of the British method of back uping a turning population by intensive industrialisation and abroad trade, convinced Japan that emulating the Britain theoretical account would function her ain best involvements. You read "Why Did Korea Fall Victim To Japanese Imperialism History Essay" in category "Essay examples" In add-on, since both Britain and Japan so felt threatened by the same competition, viz. Russia, a stronger bond besides grew up between the two states. In 1902, Britain, â€Å" the Empire on which the Sun ne’er sets, † entered into an confederation with Japan, â€Å" the Empire of the Rising Sun. † However, the prevailing samurai leading in the Nipponese military tradition, instinctively regarded the ground forces as of greater importance, and was determined that its modernisation should followed the theoretical accounts of the taking military state in the West which, in 1868, was the Gallic. Indeed, and mostly for this ground, Gallic prestigiousness stood 2nd merely to that of Britain, in the eyes of the Meiji leading. However, the Swift and unexpected result of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71 showed the Gallic military repute to be out of day of the month. To those Nipponeses who had most admired the Second Empire, it was a profound daze. With characteristic pragmatism, Japan began to look alternatively to the Germans, who had non merely defeated the Gallic but at the same clip had achieved national fusion under the Prussian monarchy in the new Reich of 1871. German ‘s public presentation was of exceeding involvement to Japan. Therefore, non merely did the Nipponese switch from Gallic to German developing for their ground forces, whose organisation was wholly remodelled in 1878, but by the 1880s were trusting to a great extent on German expertness in many other Fieldss as good, notably in medical specialty and industrial and commercial pattern. While, on the one manus, the dramatic due east progress of Russian imperialism was showing a turning menace to the mainland instantly opposite the Nipponese islands. As the Russians turned their attending farther due souths in hunt of ice-free ports and, after building began on the Trans-Siberian Railway in 1891, the menace to Korea, and by deduction therefore to Japan itself, became acute. By necessity, Japan had to undertake the immediate job on the continent on its west alternatively of traveling South, which was wholly different from the historical British attack of avoiding Continental webs. Japan allowed herself to be drawn, through the peninsulas, of all time more closely into the personal businesss of the mainland. Korea ‘s Traditional Relations with China and Japan At the beginning of the 19th century Korea continued to bask the stable relationships with China and Japan as she had done for the past 160 old ages. With China, Korea maintained a liqueur relationship which was based on the Chinese claim of suzerainty over Korea. The authorities of Korea sent regular missions transporting testimonials to the emperor of China at least one time a twelvemonth, normally at the clip of the winter solstice, and irregular missions on other particular occasions, as an look of its entry to China. The Chinese authorities reciprocated by directing imperial missions on particular occasions such as the decease of an of import royal individual or the coronation of a new male monarch. With Japan, Korea had maintained contact on two degrees. Since the early 17th century, Korea had sent occasional communicating envoys to Edo transporting congratulatory messages on the accession of a new shogun. Their maps normally were largely ceremonial. Korea besides maintained a much closer relationship with the feudal feoff in the islands that lay across the Korean Strait between southwesterly Japan and the Korean peninsula. Poor in natural resources, Tsushima depended much on Korean trade for their support. The daimyo of Tsushima had long entered into a quasi tributary relationship with the Korean male monarch, which gave him the monopoly of Nipponese trade with Korea, and besides had served as a diplomatic mediator between the authoritiess in Edo and Seoul. Korea had suffered vastly at the custodies of these two neighbours. First by the Japanese who, under the hegemonic Toyotomi Hideyoshi, invaded Korea in the late 16th century. After the Manchu conquering of China in 1644, the opinion house of Yi Korea suffered much adversity at the custodies of the Manchus who suspected the Koreans of pro-Ming motivations. From these traumatic experiences, Korea developed alone policies of Sadae ( ‘serving the great ‘ China ) and Gyorin ( ‘neighborly dealingss ‘ with Japan ) that tried to keep good relationship with both China and Japan. The end of these relationships was to exclude all intercourse between Korea and China and Japan, except for formalistic ceremonial exchanges of minister plenipotentiary and limited trade conducted under close official supervising. In both relationships, even though the 1 with China was unequal in position and the other with Japan was equal, that the tributary missions to China and the communica ting envoys to Japan were dispatched signified Korea ‘s desire to maintain these two neighbours at a safe distance. The two policies besides complemented one another: by subjecting themselves to China ‘s suzerain claim, the Koreans gained a defensive confederation against Japan ; on the other manus, the Gyorin relationship non merely enabled Korea to hold control on Nipponese seamans ‘ torment along its sea shores, but besides gave Korea a utile bargaining place against China as a buffer on the Chinese northeasterly frontier. The two policies had served Korea good in maintaining the two neighbours at bay. With the enlargement of Western powers in the North East Asia, Japan became more concerned about the state of affairs in Korea. Out of the fright of Russian enlargement, the Nipponese adhered to a policy of prefering the independency of Korea and the constitution of diplomatic dealingss with the great powers as a possible agency of preventing any Russian aspirations to annex or busy the peninsula. In 1868 a particular Nipponese minister plenipotentiary was dispatched to Korea to inform the authorities of the Imperial Restoration that had taken topographic point in Japan and to discourse the constitution of diplomatic dealingss, but the Korean Court refused to cover with him. In the undermentioned twelvemonth two more Nipponese missions were besides rebuffed by the Korean Government. In 1872 another mission who was accompanied by two war vessels besides failed in an attempt to discourse a commercial pact. These apathetic reactions of the Korean Government greatly inflamed Nipponese pu blic sentiment and some even called for war against the Korean. Soejima Taneomi, so interim Foreign Minister, was sent to inform the Chinese Government of Japan ‘s attitude and policy refering Korea. In Peking, the functionaries informed Soejima that, while Korea was a liege province, China was non responsible for the Korean internal personal businesss and the jobs of peace or war. Upon returning to Japan, Soejima urged his authorities to occupy and suppress Korea. But Emperor Meiji decided to settle the Korean job by peaceful agencies since Japan was non yet strong plenty to transport out expensive abroad wars. In 1875, a Nipponese committee was sent to Korea to negociate a pact of cordiality and commercialism. This clip the mission was instructed to use the house methods that had been so successfully employed by Perry and Harris against Japan before. At the same clip, Japan obtained confidences from China that no expostulation would be raised to diplomatic treatments provide d the pact was restricted to the gap of Korea to commerce. Under the Nipponese force per unit area, Korea signed the Treaty of Kianghwa, which provided for the constitution of diplomatic dealingss, the gap of three ports, and exterritorial legal power over Nipponese subjects. One of the most important commissariats was Article I, which stipulated that Korea, â€Å" being an independent State, enjoys the same crowned head rights as does Nippon. † This proviso was the first measure in Japan ‘s program to detach Korea from the suzerainty of China. Japan ‘s competition with China and Russia From 1976 to 1894, Japan and China engaged in a series of struggle over the control of Korea. One some occasions the struggles were at the brink of war. These struggles resulted in Japan ‘s increasing and China ‘s diminishing influence in Korean personal businesss. Japan did non desire to travel to war with China because of deficiency of house strong belief that China could be defeated. During this period, Korea underwent an internal convulsion between the cabals of Tai Om Kun, who was pro-Chinese, and the Min Family. The Nipponese authorities was profoundly concerned in the state of affairs and feared that unless Korea were rapidly reformed and a stable authorities established, some powerful states such as Russia might take it as a stalking-horse for intercession. On July 23, 1882, Tai Om Kun encouraged a rabble of rebellious Korean military personnels to assail the Nipponese legateship and seized the King and Queen. The royal household managed to get away, and the Nippo nese minster and his staff fought their manner to board a British vas and returned to Japan. The minster subsequently returned to Korea, accompanied by a force of 800 military personnels and 3 patrol cars. Offer to be a go-between, China besides sent war vessels and a force of 4,000 military personnels to Korea. The Chinese seized and took Tai Om Kun to China. Japan turned down the mediation offer and carried out direct dialogues with the Korean Government. An understanding was subsequently reached between Japan and Korea. The Korean authorities was forced to pay an insurance to Japan, to penalize the persons involved in the indignation, and to admit the right of Japan to post military forces in Korea. Despite the sign language of the Treaty of Kianghwa, China still considered Korea a dependent province of China. In September 1882, China concluded a commercial convention with Korea, repeating that Korea was still a tributary province of China. The Korean Government concluded this co nvention in a hope that China might be able to look into on the Nipponese incursion. In 1884, China involved in a war with France. In fright that a direct war with China at this clip might give other powers chances to step in in Korea, Japan wanted to hold a peaceable colony with China. A mission was so sent to Tientsin for direct treatments with China on the position of Korea. While the treatments were in advancement, the war between France and China came to an terminal to the advantage of China, which gave China a stronger place in the treatment. In April 1885, the two sides came to an understanding that both states would retreat military personnels from Korea, and that in the hereafter neither state would direct military personnels into Korea without advising the other in progress. The understanding was a farther measure on the Nipponese side in that it gave Japan the same right over Korea as that of China. Despite of its success of upgrading its place equal to that of China, Japan was still concerned of its security in respects to Korea, whose geographical location and internal status still was a enticement to the powers such as Russia to hold a manus in. Japan believed that the failing of the Korean Government would finally ask for foreign intercession. The ideal method to cover with this potency was to manage the Korea internal personal businesss harmonizing to the Nipponese theoretical account, sooner done by Japan itself. Therefore, China was regarded as an obstruction. Merely when the Chinese influence was eradicated could Japan presume the place of primary influence over the Korean Government. On the other manus, China still attempted to derive complete control over Korea by reinstalling Tai Om Kun back to Korea and to blockade Japan at every chance. The competition finally led to war. In 1893, the alleged Tong Hak Society ( Society of Eastern Learning ) broke out a rebellion against the maladministration of the Korean Government. In June1894, at the petition of the Korean King, China deployed a big figure of military personnels to Korea and informed Japan of the deployment harmonizing to the 1885 understanding between the two sides. In neglect of the Chinese presentment, Japan besides dispatched military personnels to Korea. However, by the clip both Chinese and Nipponese military personnels arrived, the rebellion had been brought under control by the Korean Government. The King requested the backdown of the Chinese and Nipponese military personnels, which was refused. Both sided insisted that the other withdrew foremost. On July 24, under the force per unit area from Japan, the Korean King authorized Japan to throw out the Chinese military personnels. On July 25, China and Japan went to war. The Chinese military personnels were no lucifer for the better trained and better equipped Nipponese military personnels. In September, Nipponese military personnels captured Pyongyang and began its thrust toward the Yalu River in chase of the crumpling Chinese military personnels. The Nipponese naval forces besides scored a decisive triumph at the conflict of the Yellow Sea. The Nipponese military personnels subsequently landed in southern Manchuria and on the Shandong peninsula. Fearing that farther opposition would ensue in an onslaught on its capital Peking, China consented to negociate peace. A pact was signed at Shimonoseki on April 17, 1895. Harmonizing to the pact, China had to pay a immense insurance to Japan, and to yield Taiwan, the Pescadores Islands and the Liaotung Peninsula. In the pact, China was forced to officially recognized Korea as a crowned head and independent province. However, merely six yearss after subscribing the pact, Germany, Russia, and France organized a tripower intercession to coerce Japan to reconstruct the Liaodong peninsula to China. The triumph in the Sino-Japanese was of great significance to Japan ‘s route to imperialism. Besides winning a bridgehead on the mainland by keeping paramount influence on the Korean peninsula, the acquisition of Taiwan offered both an agriculturally rich sphere to Japan and a strategically of import island out of the southern seashore of China. The immense insurance fueled to speed up the enlargement of Nipponese industries. Most of import of all, Japan now stood up as a great power, recognized by the other great powers as every bit powerful. Japan became a fully fledged member in the nine of imperialist powers. In 1902, Japan and Britain entered a common defence confederation, which in consequence recognized Japan as one of the universe ‘s great powers. However, Japan had another competition to cover with before it could to the full exert its power to run Korean personal businesss. With China holding eliminated from Korean personal businesss, Russia seized the chance to widen its influence on the peninsula. After several failed efforts to peacefully settle the struggles of their involvements in Korea and Manchuria, in February, 1904, Japan went to war with Russia. The war was a military catastrophe for Russia. The Nipponese ground forces moved from triumph to triumph in the conflict field. On May 27, the Nipponese navy virtually destructing the Russia fleet in the conflict of Tsushima. The two sides eventually agreed to negociate peace as the two sides were exhausted both militarily and economically by the war. A pact was signed on September 5, 1905. In the pact, Russia acknowledged Japan ‘s overriding political, military and economic involvements in Korea. The Fall of Korea Numerous understandings were exchanged between Japan and Korea during the last three decennaries of the nineteenth century and the first decennary of the twentieth century, which incrementally and jointly culminated to the 1910 appropriation pact in which Korea became a district of Japan. Of these understandings, the most of import 1s were those made in 1904 and 1905, which resulted in Korea going a associated state of Japan, and a 1907 understanding which placed the Korean internal personal businesss in the manus of Japan ‘s Resident-General. In 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War, Korea became a quasi-protectorate of Japan. On 22 August 1904, Korea agreed to â€Å" follow the advice † of Japan sing â€Å" betterments in disposal † , while Japan agreed to guarantee â€Å" the safety and rest of the Imperial House of Korea † and vouch â€Å" the independency and territorial unity † of Korea. After the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Korea became a full associated state of Japan. In the understanding signed on 17 November 1905, Japan agreed to stand for Korea in its dealingss with other states and to protect â€Å" the topics and involvements of Korea † in other states. As Korea ‘s placeholder in foreign personal businesss, Japan would intercede all bing and future pacts between Korea and other states. On 24 July 1907, Korea and Japan signed an understanding which gave the Resident-General the authorization to the full control of Korea ‘s domestic personal businesss. On 22 August, 1910, the Emperor of Korea ceded his sovereignty over Korea to the Emperor of Japan. On 29 August, 1910, the ceding was announced to the universe at big and became lawfully effectual. Japan ‘s logic of appropriation was simply following the enchiridion by John W. Foster, the former US Secretary of State who argued in a widely circulated reference before the National Geographic Society, in 1897, that the United States should annex Hawaii, other than make it associated state, in order to forestall it from falling into the custodies of a rival and possible enemy, viz. Japan. Foster ‘s statements were exactly what Japan had in head. A decennary subsequently, Japan decided that Korea should be an built-in portion of Japan, and non merely a associated state. In fact, it is dramatic that the tactics that Japan applied to open Korea was following precisely what the US had taught Japan in 1853. Decision Nipponese imperialism was different from its opposite number of the Western powers ‘ . Unlike imperialism of the Western powers whose major aims was economic, at the early phase of Japan ‘s imperialistic enlargement, security was the primary thrust. Therefore, Japan ‘s imperialistic enlargement at the early phase was instead prudent and less aggressive. Having experienced the resentment of being oppressed by the Western powers, Japan was sensitive in term of its ain security. Even though the unexpected economic additions from suppressing and from immense insurance, every bit good as the pride and prestigiousness were added to its drift at the ulterior phase of enlargements, security was still the taking concern. Japan believed that a weak authorities would take to foreign intercession. The autumn of Korea to the Western powers would jeopardize her ain security, so would the autumn of China and other Asiatic states. Since Asiatic states could non reform their authori tiess on their ain, it was necessary for Japan to presume the leading and take the duty to convey alterations to those states by usage of force. By making so, Japan could finally guarantee her ain security. The geographical importance with a weak authorities of Korea, and the concern of security of Japan and the sense of duty, were the causes that turned Korea victim of Nipponese imperialism. How to cite Why Did Korea Fall Victim To Japanese Imperialism History Essay, Essay examples

Face Recognition free essay sample

For humans, faces are the most significant for visual stimuli, a fact that becomes apparent in social settings—as a species we are constantly, almost obsessively, monitoring each others faces, paying close attention to subtle details that can give some insight into the emotional state, level of engagement, or object of attention of our associates. Fluency with faces offers great social advantages, allowing one to glean aspects of anothers internal thought processes and to predict their behavior. (Leopold, 2010). Explain the processes associated with face recognition, identification, and classificationConcept generally refer to the abstract notion of what that category represents in one’s mind. ((Robinson-Riegler, 2008). The recognition of individual faces is in some ways the pinnacle of human visual performance. Because all faces have the same basic configural appearance (for example: two eyes above a nose and mouth, sometimes called the first-order configuration), individuals must be identified by subtle deviations from this prototypic pattern, sometimes referred to as second-order relational information or configuration . To process facial identification an individual depend on the process of first-order relational information, the information about the parts of an object and how those parts relate to one another. For face recognition, this would involve an analysis of the person’s facial features and the relationship among those features. However, first-order relational information is not enough to recognize faces; simply noticing that two eyes are above the nose, which is above the mouth, may be enough for recognition that something is a face but doesn’t allow for recognition of who the face is. To recognize faces, we need second-order relational information. Second-order relational information involves comparing the first-order analysis to facial features of a â€Å"typical,† or â€Å"average,† face. This typical face is built up through experience and serves as an implicit standard against which we compare the faces we see. Inverting a face disrupts the encoding of second-order relational information When we deal with information, we do so in steps.One way to think of this is to picture the process of acquiring, retaining, and using information as an activity called information processing Information comes from the outside world into the sensory registers in the human brain. This input consists of things perceived by our senses. We are not consciously aware of most of the things we perceive; we become aware of them only if we consciously direct our attention to them. When we do focus our attention on them, they are placed in our working memory. (Education, 2011)Even when perceivers are presented with stimuli in suboptimal conditions, the face-processing system is still capable of extracting categorical knowledge in a rapid and accurate manner. Third, category activation is sensitive to the typicality of group members. In categorical thinking people identify with groups who they are familiar with. Analyze the role of encoding and retrieval processes involved with long-term memory and how this affects face recognition. Early perceptual processes (and their associated products) also appear to play an important contributory role to the generation of categorical thinking.Categorization is a fundamental property of the brain. Categorical thinking streamlines most aspects of person perception, including decision making, memorial functioning, and attention processing (Cloutier, 2005). People are skilled with various levels of understanding along with other social agents. From only a few visual cues, a person is able to process detailed impressions of others, identify the sex, emotional status, and identity of conspecifics ; and infer the hidden internal states (example. goals, intentions) that create their plan of purpose.In social cognition, the two basic processes that serves or promotes a person perception are categorization and individuation . Individuation, in contrast to categorization, the individualistic view other people not as members of distinct social groups but rather as unique entities. Individuals are guided by two distinct cognitive processes. These two processes operate at the early stages of a person’s perception, relevant with the process of object recognition. The individual is capable of making individual judgments about stimuli corresponding to prior perceptual experience.As part of the face recognition process, a face must activate a face recognition unit a stored representation of that face in memory. If activated, the person is recognized as familiar. Next, the face recognition unit must activate the person identity node which stores biographical information about the person. If activated, this biographical information becomes available (Robinson-Riegler, 2008). Prior to the retrieval of information from long-term memory, however, a great deal of social-cognitive processing has already taken place. perceivers have resolved the perceptual puzzle of identifying social agents from available visual cues.This includes, but is not restricted to faces. (Cloutier, Discuss at least two possible errors that can occur with face recognition, such as misidentification and self-recognition. Our knowledge of our own face seems inseparable from our general knowledge of self and who we are as individuals, our likes and dislikes, our personal history. Unconscious transference, occurs when a witness fail to identify or distinguish between a target person, for example, falsely identifying an eyewitness may result to imprisonment of an innocent person Robinson-Riegler, 2008). As individuals we confront the world with our faces, from the time of birth to the time of death. The age and gender of a person are printed on their faces. Emotions are expressed in a person’s facial expressions. The open and instinctive emotions that Darwin wrote about, as well as the hidden or repressed ones that Freud wrote about, are displayed on our faces, along with our thoughts and intentions. People have physical attractions toward each other, a person may admire the physical attributes such as arms, and legs.In spite of what draws one attention, the face is the first and last that is judged, whether it is beautiful in an aesthetic sense, fine or distinguished in a moral or intellectual sense. The face of an individual defines a person character and experience. Face recognition is crucially important for humans, and the vast majority of us are able to identify thousands of faces individually, or to easily pick out familiar faces in a crowdProsopagnosia or topographical amnesia are lifelong conditions that does not decrease as one grows older.

Learning and Behavior

Introduction Learning is a continuous process and has proven to be an important aspect in the lives of human beings. By definition, Akers loosely describes learning as the process through which human beings gain knowledge, skills and expertise that can be applied in day-to-day endeavors (32).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Learning and Behavior specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Considering the importance of learning, theorists have over the years developed various models that try to explain how different individuals learn and the thought process behind each learning model. As such, these learning theories propose mechanisms that account for the changes that occur as a result of our learning experiences. Learning theories such as the social and constructivist theories have resulted in the identification of mechanisms through which experiences in the environment would alter and sustain changes in behavior. These ch anges are of a relatively permanent nature and Akers and Gary affirm that the changes in human behavior are as a result of human being’s extensive capacity for learning (64). Both these theories are among the most popular learning theories. They have been reviewed and applied in many areas and has helped in understanding how consequences can invariably affect or shape an individual’s learning. This study will utilize the assumptions forwarded by these theories to further our understanding in regards to the extent to which consequences derived from a behavior can shape our learning. To this end, this discussion shall aim to answer the following question: Does a consequence have to follow behavior in order for any learning to occur? A scenario whereby these theories could be applied in real life situations will be given and a detailed description of how one would implement operant conditioning demonstrated. Description of social and constructivist theories MacKeracher as serts that learning refers to the content of thought or to what we acquire through the learning process and that learning styles explicitly refer to how we have acquired such knowledge or skill (74). Learning styles are achieved by combining a number of learning strategies to come up with particular learning styles. Individuals can implement several strategies of learning but often prefer to rely on the strategy they know best. It is widely agreed by educators all over the world that individuals who actively engage in the learning process are likely to achieve greater success. This assertion is backed by numerous education literature which reveals that once individuals are engaged in a particular learning process that suits them, they feel empowered and their propensity for higher personal achievements significantly rises.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The significance of learning styles springs from the fact that â€Å"each individual has personally preferred strategies for processing information and for learning† (MacKeracher 79). It is these strategies that determine the manner in which an individual goes about the learning task. The constructivist theory of learning is one of the most well-known and applicable models of experiential learning. While this theory is not specific to behavioral studies, its applicability in the consequence-behavior paradigm remains relevant. Mulligan Griffin theorize that the reason why the constructivist theory is most applicable in deciphering learning is because it has been found successful in explaining how individuals learn. This model argues for a â€Å"dialectical relationship between learner and environment in which two diametrically opposed modes of knowing provide the means through which we appropriate our experience and transform it† (Gelfand 17). Scenario for learning theory Application The case prov ided presents a classic example of a child whose underlying desires to have some chewing gum forces him to steal a packet after the caretaker refuses to buy them for him. While the shop owner insists that spanking the child for the wrong done is the only solution that can guarantee deterrence from such an act, the caregiver argues that there are better and more effective ways of finding resolve in regards to the situation at hand. Using the aforementioned theories as the basis for this debate, the caregiver can irrefutably support his stance against spanking. For example, in Bandura’s social learning theory, Bandura proposes that people often acquire their social skills through observation, imitation and modeling (Akers 18). He states that in as much as we acquire intellect through class work, the social skills that we have are learnt from other people. As such, Ben’s actions can best be explained by the fundamental components behind this theory.Advertising We wil l write a custom essay sample on Learning and Behavior specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The first component of this theory is behavior potential. According to Bandura, this refers to the probability of adopting a particular behavior in a given situation. Behavior potential explores the likelihood of an individual to exhibit particular behaviors as a result of past experiences or behaviors and can be used to explain how habits are developed. Considering Ben’s age, the likelihood of him behaving the way he did is very high because as a child, his desire for the chewing gum surpasses his perception of the risks or consequences that may arise if caught with the stolen gum. As such, spanking him after being caught would only be viewed as a punishment for being caught and not for stealing. What this means is that the likelihood of Ben doing it again would remain high simply because he can reinvent his habits to ensure that he steals without being caught. The second component is expectancy. Expectancy as explained by Bandura refers to the probability that a particular behavior will yield a desirable outcome. In this case, Ben’s decision to steal the gum was mainly influenced by the fact that the outcome would be favorable for him. As such, since his expectancy was high in regards to attaining a favorable outcome, his confidence in relations to the outcome was boosted. This means that the likelihood that his stealing habits are to continue is relatively high. Thirdly, Bandura argues that a behavior is strengthened by how desirable its outcome or consequence is. This assertion brings about the concept of reinforcement value. As such, if an individual considers the outcome of a behavior to be positive, then the behavior is likely to continue and invariably, sustain itself. However, if the consequence is negative, there is a high probability that the occurrence of the behavior will decrease. The fourth and fi nal component is the psychological situation. It is a known fact that people differ in regards to how they perceive and interpret situations. This concept lays a great foundation for the ‘locus of control’ concept. This concept refers to belief that an individual determines his/her life experiences.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are two categories of this concept; the internal loci which focuses on the belief that individuals success or failure is as a result of their own efforts and the external loci which focuses on the belief that consequences and outcomes of a persons behaviors are controlled and shaped by other people. In the later case, factors such as fate, luck and destiny among others play a pivotal role. Discussion In light of the social learning theory, spanking Ben for his behavior would not be the most viable solution since it does not address the primary cause of his action. Using the explanation provided above, it is evident that stealing as a habit involves a series of thought processes and the mere fact that Ben was caught is enough to deter the habit since it is a negative consequence to the act. In addition, Bandura asserts that learning of a behavior depends on the environment and social interactions. As such, the best solution would be to monitor these aspects and ensure that Ben associates himself with positive peers and is in an environment that offers positive reinforcement to good behavior. In so doing, the care giver will have deterred the undesired habit without necessarily applying any negative reinforcement or punishment. Conclusion This study set out to discuss one of the major learning theories; social learning model. To this end, a description of the theory of social learning and its functioning has been given. Further on, a demonstration of how classical conditioning can be used in a practical situation to elicit desired behavior has also been provided. From the discussion, it is evident that spanking as a consequence for bad behavior may not suffice in shaping and facilitating positive change to an individual facing various social and environmental influences. Works Cited Akers, Ronald. Social learning and social structure: a general theory of crime and deviance. USA: Transaction Publishers, 2009. Print. Akers, Ronald and Gary F. Jensen. Social Learning Theory and the Explanation of Crime. USA: Transaction Publishers, 2007. Print. Gelfand, Donna. Social learning in childhood: readings in theory and application. New York: Brooks/Cole Pub. Co., 1975. Print. MacKeracher, Dorothy. Making Sense of Adult Learning. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004. Print. This essay on Learning and Behavior was written and submitted by user Athena Barber to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Classic Hollywood Model of Narration essays

Classic Hollywood Model of Narration essays Write a critique of a recent film which, in your view, conforms to the structural parameters of the classic Hollywood model of narrative construction. As Richard Maltby (1995:6) once quoted If Hollywood is not a place, it is also not a time. We are forever going on about how Hollywood is not how it was. Remember the days when everything on screen was black and white and wonderful, remember the days when going to the movies was a real treat not just an excuse to dig into a bucket of greasy popcorn. Cinema and the art of film was appreciated, it was sentimental, it was classic. Unfortunately I cant say that I remember those days. By the time I found my way into this world the classical Hollywood movie had somewhat evolved itself into something of less substantial quality. However it has been argued that aswell as changing, Hollywood has also remained the same, in respect of remaining in the same business of entertaining its audience, of producing the maximum pleasure for the maximum number for the maximum profit (Hayward, S., 1996). David Bordwell, Janet Staiger and Kristin Thompson (1985) argue that since 1917, the essential features of classical style were in place- the way that a movie organizes narrative time and space, the continuity script, the management structure and division of labour in production have remained more or less the same. This continuity enables us to make generalizations about Hollywood today. The typical Hollywood film carries a set of expectations, often apparently obvious in cinematic form and style. The idea of the classical implies the observance of rules of composition and aesthetic organization that produce unity, balance and order in resulting artwork. Hollywood films are bound by rules, they tip-toe on the strict limitations on individual innovation. Each and every one of them frames themselves around the conventions and principles of the classical cinema. ...

Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 6

Management - Essay Example For example, the federal agencies can monitor the conduct and movement of the people by the novel technological advancements, such as the Internet, mobile phones, census, credit cards, and the burgeoning surveillance cameras. This has promoted the system of control. The Panopticon achieves several things, such as the reform of prisoners, treatment of patients, instruction of schoolchildren, supervision of workers, and physically restricting the insane (Felluga, 2012). This work deals with Foucault’s theories of power, power relations and its Implications for modern organisations. In this regard, organisational management, and practices have been discussed. Concepts of panopticism, discourse analysis, and subjectification have been scrutinised. In addition, Panopticon of Bentham, critical theories, such as the labour process theory and critical realism theory have been examined. Visibility as a source of mitigating the difficulty with human agencies has been analysed. Finally conclusions were made based on the research. The notion of subject, as contended by Foucault (1984), has to be clearly defined. This is essential for applying his power discourses. He argues that the following types of objectification transform humans into subjects. First, modes of inquiry, such as biology, economics, and linguistics. Second, dividing practices, wherein the subject is separated from others or divided in himself. This is illustrated by the differentiation between good and bad, and sane and insane. Third, the ways in which people transform themselves into subjects. An instance of this is their recognition of themselves as subjects of sexuality. Moreover, subject denotes domination by some other entity or being attached to one’s own identity by self-knowledge or conscience. This suggests a variety of power that subjugates and makes subject to. Thus, subject conveys something more than the term individual, as the subject is the recipient of

Malthus's Prediction in the Epic Book An Essay on the Principle of

Malthus's Prediction in the Epic Book An on the Principle of Population - Essay Example The question that arises is that why the human civilization hasn’t been able to find a permanent solution to the problem. This problem-solution essay proposes a hypothesis that technology isn’t capable of solving a problem of Traffic jams. Its rapid advancement in the past few decades hasn’t proved to be effective for the problem of Traffic jams. This study also explores the psychology and motivations of motorists who spend their valuable time in meaningless queues of a Traffic jam. The countries around the world have made the slow transition from being rural and agrarian societies to becoming dependent on metropolitan cities. These metropolitan cities serve as an engine to the growth of the region’s economy. But with rising of mega-cities and gigantic sky-scrapers, the problem of Traffic jams has continued to tease the mankind. Whether it is Shanghai in the east or New York in the west, researchers show that millions of ‘human hours’ are wasted in Traffic jams. People miss their appointments, job interviews and arrive late at other important occasions. These Traffic jams create physical discomfort as the people are confined to one place for a long time. In hotter regions of Asia and South America, the heat and sweat make the condition inside the cars and trucks extremely unbearable. There is also danger to the health of people as they inhale poisonous gases emitted by vehicles; this problem being more common to developing countries than dev eloped countries. The movement of emergency vehicles such as Police vans and Ambulances also gets restricted. The solutions that have been tried range from strict traffic rules to increasing installation of CCTV cameras. The traffic reports are announced on the radio so that passengers can avoid the jams. Hefty fines are imposed on faltering motorists and usage of public transport is promoted by governments. But no policy seems to be effective in reducing the number of cars on the road.

Personality Tests in Recruitment

Personality Tests in Recruitment Personality Test Personality test are frequently used to access the potential of the candidate such as conscientiousness experience optimism, stress tolerance, emotional stabilty, extraversion and proactive. These few personality test are very important and are required needs when they want to be successfull in their performance, when they are having interpersonal interaction in team setting. Pros of personality test There are many diffrent advantages of personality test. The reason why the organization have this test is that they are able to reduce the business cost and also the outcome by identifying the candidate for hireing, promoting and training. This test are conducted by the administrate via paper and pencil or computerized method. The organization are able to carefully select candidate that are pontential in the interpersonal interaction with the team setting, which enable the company to progress in business. Moreover it is one way to cost effective and does not require skill administrator. Cons of personality test Normally personality test question based on behaviour, cognitions and needs, all received only a single score. The scoring system may eliminate the option for alternate interpretation to the answer given. When grouping all the different combination of behaviour and needs, sometime this can lead to misinterpreted. Another problem is self knowledge aspect of the objective exam can be faked. Since not all question and answer given can match the test maker exactly there are not able to elaborate their answer and it can be quite frustrating and inaccurate. In conclusion, one assessment alone can be used, but it is much better to have a complete assessment program, in order to balance out the advantage and disadvantage for each personality assessment type. Biographical data Biographical data is very essential in this era of time and date. Technologies have become an important part of the business, having the knowledge of biographical data such as leadership, knowledge of software, interpersonal skill, tean work skill, knowledge of the job, creativity and many more can help the person to succeed futhur. Biographical data uses question about education, work experience, personality assessments of skill and interest to predit how the candidate can be successful on the job. Pros of biographical data Biographical data is also administrated by paper and pencil or computerized method because it can easily enlarge the numbers, moreover it reduce business cost and does not need administation skill. It is also less likely uses to diffrentiate in results by gender and race. Neverless it produce valid infrences of the organization outcome for example turnover and performance. This is one way identifying individuals for hire, promote, or training who needed skills and abilities. Cons of biographical data. The disadvantage of biographical data is that the candidate will try to project more positive decision outcome to impress the organisation thus this will be more difficult to understand how they actually are , for example it will be difficult to diffrentiate between the positively manage impression to the fake response. This interview conducted does not necessarly provide enough information for development feed back. For example one is enable to change the past and last not least it is time consuming to develop. Work sample Test Work sample test is the the future behavior observed under similar situations. There are three tests which are required to perform on the job. Pros of work samples The advantages of work samples, it has high reliability and it has high content of validity because it is a sample of the actual work to perform that particular job. Besides that, work samples has low adverse of impact because these test is viewed favorable by examinees than aptitude or personality tests. The most interesting part in these work sample test is if the applicants wants to fake job proficiency to increase the test score and performance on job, it is difficult. These tests uses equipment which is the same or to the original equipment used for the job. Cons of work samples It is costly to administer often only can be administered to one applicant at a time. Although the task and duties can be completed in a short period of time, however the test have less ability to predict performance on the job, when it can take day or week to complete. It will be difficult to measure the aptitude of an applicant, because it is unable to see whether the applicant is able to handle more difficult task when they are encountered with. Integrity test Integrity test is used to identify candidates who like to involes in antisocial at work, dishonesty and engage inappropriate behaviour. It is important for the organization to assess the attitude and experience such as candidates honesty, turstworthiness, dependability, reliability and prosocial behaviour. This is usally conducted with direct question regarding previous experiences such as ethnic and integrity also regarding preferences and interest about inferences of future behaviour. Pros of integrity test Integrity test is to make the candidates to understand the important of the coperate value. This test are also done via paper and pencil or computerize method, which is easily to large number. The test produce valid inference of organization of outcome, such as inventory shrinkage, difficulties in dealing with supervision, performance and others. Beside that it is not required any administration skill and it is cost effective. Futhurmore it does not relate in result to by gender and race than other types of test. This test also reduce the business cost by identifying individuals who like to absent or engage in other counter productive behavior. Cons of integrity test The disadvantage of integrity test is the candidate will try to project more positive decision outcome to impress the organization. In some cases the candidates may have difficulty or disliking to questions which are unrelated or intrusive to the job. This can be slightly difficult for the organization to diffrentiate from fake to actual response. Cognitive abilities test Cognitive abilities test is used to see onces abilities by using diffrent question or problems such as the abilities of reading, logic, reasoning and comprehensive mental abilities which leads to success in many diffrence kind of jobs. Pros in cognitive abilities test. By using this method the outcome of success of performance has increace and it is use by many organization. This is use especially for more specialized jobs. There are many various way to adminster these test for example by paper and pencil or computerized method. Most of the company use this method because it is cost effective and does not require skill administration. By using cognitive abilities test the company are able to reduce business cost as there are not easily influents by the test taker to impress the manager on fake responce. When ever a company wishes to promote, hire or train a person there are able to make a decision according to their skill and abilities. Cons in cognitive abilities test. Cons for cognitive test are that there will always be different answer or result by various person or race. As such it is always time consuming in picking out the right candidates for the job. The organization will have to carefully verify all the result and choose according to specific job, that they wish to assign the person before making the final and right decision.

Organizational Behavior Model of Grameenphone

Introduction Organizations are collections of interacting and inter related human and non-human resources working toward a common goal or set of goals within the framework of structured relationships. It is a great opportunity to study about the leading mobile operator company, GrameenPhone and their organizational behavior model which is concerned with all aspects of how the company influences the behavior of individuals and how individuals in turn influence the company. * Origin of the ReportThe BBA program under the department of Business Studies offers a course named â€Å"Organizational Behavior† (MGT 251) which requires every group to submit a report on a general management related topic determined by the course instructor. The report under the headline â€Å"Organizational Behavior Model† has been prepared to serve that purpose. * Objectives of the Study Several objectives to conduct the study are: * To study about organizational behavior. * To study about the Ma nagerial Activities To be informed about the levels of organizational behavior and its importance from the view of organizational point * To learn about each potential outcomes of effective functioning of the organization as well as inspiring employees towards their job. * To build a bridge between the theoretical & practical education of marketing. * Methodology To prepare this report we have used all the managerial data, different official documents as well as papers available of that particular institution which were made for the relevant field(s). Accompanying material: Describe How Own Behaviour Could Promote Effective Interactions With Children and Young PeopleWe have taken help from some employees of GrameenPhone who helped us to enrich this topic. We also talked to our teachers about it and they have also helped to improve and enhance the report. * Limitations We have faced some usual constraints during the course of our preparation for the report. The major limitations are as follows: * Information is not available: The data required for sufficient analysis for preparing the report was not available. We could not get all the data from a single source. * Lack of skills: Our skill is not sufficient, that is why we could not present it more attractivelyThe Company Overview Grameenphone is the leading telecommunications service provider in Bangladesh. With more than 27 million subscribers (as of October 2010) Grameenphone is the largest cellular operator in the country. It is a joint venture enterprise between Telenor and Gra meen Telecom Corporation, a non-profit sister concern of the internationally acclaimed microfinance organization and community development bank Grameen Bank. Telenor, the largest telecommunications company in Norway, owns 55. 8% shares of Grameenphone, Grameen Telecom owns 34. 2% and the remaining 10% is publicly held.It signed its license agreement with the Government on 11 November 1996 and began operations on 26 March 1997. Grameenphone was the first company to introduce GSM technology in Bangladesh. It also established the first 24-hour Call Center to support its subscribers. With the slogan Stay Close, stated goal of Grameenphone is to provide affordable telephony to the entire population of Bangladesh Managerial Values of the company Garmeenphone always tried to keep promises from its inception till today, which has bought a different dimension to its managerial techniques.Best Network Coverage, well built management, Efficient and Effective Manpower- all these brought the com pany to its destiny. Promises can be made easily; but keeping those promises is much harder than it previously. GP has come across with those promises very successfully with its Outstanding and Specialized Managerial Techniques. Grameenphone is always being respectful to others; especially to the prominent social Personalities those who directly motivating themselves into various social, economic, educative and other positive field with eye-catching role-play.GrameenPhone is the official sponsor of Bangladesh cricket team. Only this example may easily indicate the inspired to raise-up this kind of inspirations. Mission of the company Mission of GrameenPhone is to Leading the industry and exceed customer expectations by providing the best wireless services, making life and business easier. Vision the company GrameenPhone exists to help customers to get the full benefit of communications services in their daily lives. The company wants to make it easy for customers to get what they wa nt, when they want it.They are here to help. Product and Service Offered by the company Mobile telephony Grameenphone was the first operator to introduce the pre-paid mobile phone service in Bangladesh in September 1999. It offers followings pre-paid subscriptions. * Smile pre-paid: Smile is a general package provides widest coverage & clarity of speech keep user connected anytime, anywhere at an affordable rate. * Djuice: Djuice is a popular international brand, exclusively designed for young generation which provide full of fun and entertainment elements. Xplore Post-paid: Xplore is for someone who wants freedom and takes decison independently. With Xplore user can experience flexibility. * Business Solutions: Business Solutions is a complete, quality business communications service from grameenphone designed especially for business community in Bangladesh. It can provide user a customized soluation. Other Services * Internet: Grameenphone provides internet service in its coverage area. As it has EDGE/GPRS enabled network, any subscriber can access to internet through this network.Grameenphone was the first mobile operator in Bangladesh to offer EDGE services to its subscribers. * Bill Pay: A service to enable users to pay their utility bills Electricity/Gas through mobile. * Cell Bazaar: Services to enable users sell or buy products through mobile or internet. * Various other services like Stock Information, Instant Messaging, SMS Based Alerts/Services, Voice-based Services, Downloads, Music, Cricket Updates, Web SMS, and Mobile Backup etc. Organization Behavior Model An organization is a social group which distributes tasks for a collective goal.Organizational behavior is concerned with all aspects of how organizations influence the behavior of individuals and how individuals in turn influence organizations. Organizational behavior is an inter-disciplinary field that draws freely from a number of the behavioral sciences, including anthropology, psychology, sociology, and many others. The unique mission of organizational behavior is to apply the concepts of behavioral sciences to the pressing problems of management, and, more generally, to administrative theory and practice. Model is an abstraction of reality.A simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon. Basic OB model include three level are individual level, group level and, organizational system level. These three basic levels are analogous to building blocks; each level is constructed on the previous level. For example, group concepts grow out on the foundation laid in the individual section. Each level holds several factors that make a complete organizational behavior model. Individual level’s factors are Biographical characteristic, personality, emotions, values, attitude, ability, perception, motivation, learning which leads to individual decision making.Group level includes group decision making, leadership and trust, group structure, work team, power and p olicies, communication and conflict. Organizational system level holds Organizational structure, organizational culture and human resource policies. Fig: OB Model OB Model from the view point of Grameenphone Organizational System Level * Human resource policies GrameenPhone is the pioneer in the field of human resource management, employee care and competence development in Bangladesh. GrameenPhone is currently employing approximately 5000 people of which 84 % is under 31 years old.The employees are spread out in six office zones throughout the country, with Dhaka being the largest with 3561 employees. Most of the staff has university backgrounds within fields such as management, marketing, economics, finance and engineering. The turnover rate of employee in 2006 was 8%, and a preliminary 4% so far for 2007. The number of resignations peaked in 2005 when new operators penetrated the market and offered higher salaries to GrameenPhone employees, but this was still relatively low. One could argue that low turnover rates are a good indicator of a healthy work environment.Human Resource Development GrameenPhone offers employee guidance on several stages, in addition to a general introduction for new employees. At junior management level, GrameenPhone in collaboration with the British Council offers in house training in basic management skills and workshops. Furthermore management training at junior and middle levels is offered in collaboration with the Indian Institute of Management. Finally for senior management GrameenPhone offers a module based program in cooperation with Stockholm School of Economics. This program is custom made for GrameenPhone.Employee Benefits In addition to a relatively high salary, GrameenPhone employees are offered several bene? ts. In an annual survey comparing 10 competitors and similar companies in other industries, GrameenPhone identifies the wage distribution and bases its own wage levels on those in the upper quartile. As a part of the employee policy, GrameenPhone is also providing monthly education grants to children of all employees‘until the age of 21. This grant is a ? xed monthly sum for each child. In compliance with the local legislation GrameenPhone is bu? ding a pension fund for its employees.In addition to the required minimum level, GrameenPhone also invests in provident funds. 10 % of the employee‘s salary is paid on a monthly basis into the fund. All employees are entitled and covered by health and medical insurance. This also applies to family members. Code of Conduct Upon entering the company, all employees must sign a code of conduct. The document presents guidelines for proper conduct and ethical behavior. It is divided into four parts: Firstly, general guidelines describe the rationale behind this document, namely the importance of communicating corporate values and for employees to adopt them.This section includes broad, overarching topics such as human worth, working environmen t health, loyalty and confidentiality and reporting/disclosure among others. The second section refers to the relationship with customers, suppliers, competitors and public authorities. The main message here is that all stakeholders should be treated with respect and that unethical interaction, such as receiving expensive gifts and services are unacceptable. The third section looks at the employee's private interests and actions in relation to the company.Here political activism and other external duties are encouraged up to the level where it will not interfere with their work at GrameenPhone. The last section emphasizes that all misconduct or indeed suspicions of such activity must be reported immediately. It ensures the employee that no reprisals will be undertaken towards them. In other words: whistle-blowing is allowed and promoted. Organizational Culture Organizational culture is a system of shared values, assumptions, beliefs, and norms that unite the members of an organizati on because it reflects, â€Å"What it's like to work here. This becomes apparent through the visible level of the culture, the espoused values that are not observe but rather explained and justified, and through the core beliefs that are widely shared through the organization. Importance of Organizational Culture A. Employee Self-Management – Induce employees to behave in a particular way without close supervision or formal mechanisms, many of which are informal and unspecified. B. Stability – Cultures creates a sense of continuity in the midst of change and intense competitive pressure. C.Socialization – The process of internalizing or taking organizational values as one’s own. The Culture of Grameenphone Ltd. also known as THE GP WAY is â€Å"how GP is doing business† — it’s all about itemizing and reinforcing their vision & values, leadership expectations, codes of conduct and governing principles in GP’s daily life at work and deliver upon the brand promise — Stay Close. The Employee Relations team is responsible for ensuring vibrant Organizational Culture, sustaining GP as the preferred Employer Brand in the country.Human rights Grameenphone supports the internationally proclaimed human rights including UN declaration and conventions on human rights. Employees shall respect the personal dignity, privacy, and rights of each individual interact with during the course of work and shall not in any way cause or contribute to the violation or circumvention of human rights. Working Environment Gramcenphone provide a professional workplace with an inclusive working environment including the international Labor Organization's core conventions.Grameenphone is opposed to discriminatory practices therefore, no direct or indirect negative discrimination have taken place based on race, color, gender, sexual orientation, age, disability, language, religion, legitimate political or other opinions, national o r social origin, property, birth or status. Occupational Health, Safety and Employee security Grameenphone is careful about the field of health, safety and employee security to promote good health and safe working environment in compliance with internationally recognized standards.Employee shares the responsibility for achieving this goal. GP always do their outmost to control hazards and take necessary precautions to prevent accidents and occupational diseases. Freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining Grameenphone recognizes the right to freedom of association and collective bargaining in mature labor environments. In such environments Grameenphone allow its employees to freely elect representatives among the employees, unless this would represent a breach of national laws and regulations.Such employee representatives shall be allowed to carry out their functions unhindered at the work place. Loyalty, impartiality, conflict of interests and related party transa ctions Grameenphone respects the individual employee’s right to a private life and private interests. But it demands openness and loyalty to the Company and the Company's interest. Conflicts of interest, wherever possible have been avoided. Confidentiality Every employee in the Company has a duty of confidentiality by law and written agreement.The duty of confidentiality also applies after the conclusion of employment or contractual relationship with Grameenphone for as long as the information is considered to be of a sensitive nature or in any other way confidential. Private interest and actions An employee of Grameenphone shall not hold another position or carry out work for others during working hours without prior express written permission from his supervisor. Political activity Grameenphone does not give support to political parties, either in the form of direct financial support or paid working time.Employees who take part in political activities will be granted leave from their work in accordance with the law and any agreements. Organization Structure The following organogram shows the organizational structure of Grameenphone including hierarchy of authority and responsibility. Group Level GP believe in group task that’s why they separate every department and sub department with group. This group is assigned different or similar task to which helps the department rune fast and smoothly. In Grameenphone there are groups from top level to the bottom.This helps the company to take itself in a proper destination Leadership In the organogram of GP, we can see every department has a leader and as well as every team and every department has its own leader. Some top leaders of GP * ? Tore Johnsen(CEO) * ? Mr. Raihan Shamsi (CFO) * ? Mr. Arnfinn Groven(CPO) * ? Mr. Arild Kaale(CMO) * ? Mr. Kazi Monirul Kabir(CCO) * ? Mr. Mahmud Hossain(CCAO) * ? Mr. Tanveer Mohammad(CTO) Communication The AoA of the Company requires the Board to meet at least four times a year or more when duly called for in writing by a Board member.Dates for Board Meetings in the ensuing year are decided in advance and notice of each Board Meeting is served in writing well in advance. The roles of the Board and Chief Executive Officer are separate and delineation of responsibilities is clearly established, set out in writing and agreed by the Board to ensure transparency and better corporate governance. To that end, GP has also adopted â€Å"Governance Guidelines for Chief Executive Officer†. The CEO is the authoritative head for day-to-day management in GP.He acts to reasonably ensure that GP develops and conducts business as per the Articles of Association, decisions made by the Board and shareholder, as well as according to Grameenphone Policies and Procedures, and applicable regulatory legislations. Team work Business is like a game of chess. Every move matters. Time is precious. The location and movement of each piece is a must-know for one to win the game. Today's competitive and fast changing business world demands the same. With Grameenphone’s â€Å"Team Tracker†, employee can locate his/her workforce and direct them towards the achievement of your business goals.Team Tracker is a new value-added solution for the Business Market. This solution will help bring about efficiency to the value chain of organizations having field employees. Managing field operations & directing field employees towards the business success has always been a concern for field managements like National & Regional Sales Managers, Area Managers & Distributors. With the services of Grameenphone’s Team Tracker, organizations can now locate its employees, assign tasks to them digitally & also receive task updates electronically.The system is robust enough to handle data for even a thousand employees. Features of the Service: * Real-time overview of outdoor employee movements on the map * Location based task delegation and proact ive workload allocation * Instant task status update * Business Reports generation on Employee Location & Task status based on organizational hierarchy By using this solution, a company is expected to gain: * Faster Actions * Excellent planning and precise workforce management * Efficient workload assignment to lead to greater employee satisfaction * Cost EfficiencyIndividual Level Motivation The job of a manager in the workplace is to get things done through employees. To do this the manager should be able to motivate employees. But that's easier said than done. Motivation practice and theory are difficult subjects, touching on several disciplines. In spite of enormous research, basic as well as applied, the subject of motivation is not clearly understood and more often than not poorly practiced. To understand motivation one must understand human nature itself.And there lies the problem In Grameenphone as we all know that it’s a government organization so they not give such motivational package which an employee get in private organization . But without motivation package no employee give their maximum to the organization . some motivational package which Grameenphone give there employee free telephone facility, promotion and so on. Dealing with other factors: Employee Training Employee training is the planned effort of an organization to help each employee learn the job related behaviors and skills they will need to do their job properly.It is a set of planned activities that the organization will have their employees complete in order to increase their job knowledge and skills and to have them get accustomed to the attitudes and social atmosphere of the company. It will help the employee to be familiar with the goals of the organization and the job requirements. There are typical steps that go into a training program. These are outlined below. 1) Conduct Needs Assessment: A need is described as a â€Å"gap† between what is currently known and what will be needed now and in the future.These gaps in knowledge could be between what an organization expects to happen and what actually does, how employees are performing on the job and how the organization desires them to perform, and existing skills and desired skill level . In order to conduct an assessment there are some analyses that must be done * An organizational analyses determines the effectiveness of an organization, where training is needed and under what actually does, how individual employees are performing on the job and how the organization desires them to perform, and existing skills and desired skill level .In order to conduct an assessment there are some analyses that must be done. * An organizational analyses determines the effectiveness of an organization ,where training is needed and under what conditions the training will be conducted. * A task analysis is used to provide data about a job or group of jobs, and the knowledge, skills ,attitudes and abilities that are needed to achieve optimum performance. This information can come from job descriptions, task analyses, employee questionnaires and interviews, performance evaluation, and observation of the workplace. Finally, person analysis analyses how well an individual employee is doing their job and determines which specific employees need training and what kind of training. The methods of this kind of analysis include employee questionnaires and interviews, performance evaluation, skill and knowledge testing and the observation of behavior and results. 2) Implement Training Methods: Now that the analysis has been done, the training method needs to be chosen. The two most frequently used training methods include:* Lecture: Lecture involves one-way communication, from instructor to learner -the learner is passive in the process. On-the-job-training: This method involves such methods as apprenticeship and mentoring, where the employee is actively engaged in the type of work they will l ater be doing on their own. * Programmed instruction: This is a form of instruction that is pre-programmed and then delivered methodologically to an individual. This form of instruction is self-paced -the employee determines how fast they will learn and complete the steps and it is often completed more quickly than group training. It can be delivered via a computer and can be costly toprepare. Simulations: This sort of training involves an employee being placed into a simulated situation of what may occur in real on-the-job situations. Techniques include: Case studies where trainees analyze a problem outlined in a report and offer solutions; role playing where simulated roles are acted out; and behavioral modeling where trainees observe proper work behavior and then role play it. Part of the implementation of the training is making sure that the training is actually teaching the employees the skills they will need – this is known as the Transfer of Training.A more technical d efinition is: the extent to which the knowledge, skills or attitudes learned in the training will be used or applied on the job. There are ways to increase the probability of what employees are being trained will really relate to their actual job behavior. To do this, one can maximize the similarity between the training situation and the job situation, provide a variety of examples when teaching skills and reward trained behaviors and ideas on the job. 3) Training Evaluation:Training evaluation is used to evaluate the reactions of the learners, measure the learning that occurred, assess on-the-job behaviors, identify business results that are due to the training and calculate if the investment in training has had any return in the gains of the company. Business results can be measured in â€Å"hard† data and â€Å"soft† data. Hard data are measures of productivity, quality, material costs, absenteeism and turnover and customer satisfaction. Soft data is items such as j ob satisfaction, teamwork, and organizational commitment on the part of the employeesBiographical characteristics, personality and emotions perception ability, and value attituds this things in are depends on person to person. Although gpaminphon follow a selection process to choose an employee with positive Biographical characteristic ,personality and emotions perception ability ,and value attitudes Selection & Recruitment: (From external source) * Management consultant * Advertisement * Management institute * Recommendation * Deputation personnel Selection process * Job analysis * Initial screening * Application bank * Test * Interview * Reference check * Medical final and Recommendation Roster Management: Working time is different for full time employees and part time employees. Very often it has been seen that part time employees do not get enough flexibility in their work schedule. It’s very hard to get leave or bring change in roster. Resource Management need to give mo re focus on part time employee too as they are not less competent in comparison to any full time employee. It will create a more harmonious work environment and it will also improve the motivation level of the employees. * Remove frequent changes in process: Frequent changes in process make the employees confused.It also hampers the business performance. It increases the service delivery time and produces low customer satisfaction. To reduce the hassles for both agent and customers it is quite important to adopt a flexible and user friendly process. * Establish strong coordination among segments: Coordination among systems helps to serve customer in the very exact way it has been designed. Other than that it creates conflict and misunderstanding scenarios among segments. People from different segment have their own point of view. So it needs to be ensured that all of them have common platform to carry their job Responsibility in right manner.Conclusion Maintain organizational behavi ors leads an organization to manage its function smoothly at the same time enable it to attain its goal. Through the transfer of technology, managerial expertise and effective business model Grameenphone have established an advance policy for their organization and their employees. This in turns plays a significant role to make the company as a leading mobile operator company. References * http://en. wikipedia. org * http://www. scribd. com * http://managementhelp. org * http://www. grameenphone. com